Employer of Record (EOR) in Nigeria
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Nigeria Overview
Nigeria is located in West Africa, with a population of approximately 220 million people. The country’s capital is Abuja, and other major cities include Lagos, Kano, Ibadan, and Kaduna. English is the official language of Nigeria, and the major regional languages spoken include Yoruba, Igbo, Fula, and Hausa.
Nigeria has a diversified economy with a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of $432.29 billion in 2021, making it the largest economy in Africa. The country’s economy is heavily dependent on oil exports, which account for over 90% of the country’s total exports. However, Nigeria has been trying to diversify its economy, with the agriculture and services sectors showing significant growth in recent years.
Work Visas and Permits in Nigeria
Temporary Work Permit (TWP)
Issued to foreigners who plan to work in Nigeria for a short period of time, usually up to 90 days. Suitable for individuals attending business meetings, conferences, or short-term assignments.
Subject to Regularization (STR) Visa
Issued to foreigners who have been offered employment by a Nigerian company. Allows the holder to stay and work in Nigeria for up to 90 days while the company applies for a work permit on their behalf.
Combined Expatriate Residence Permit and Aliens Card (CERPAC)
A long-term work permit valid for up to 2 years and renewable. Issued to foreigners who have been offered employment in Nigeria for a period of more than 90 days. Also serves as a residence permit, allowing the holder to enter and exit Nigeria without the need for a re-entry visa work permits in Nigeria.
Payroll and Taxes in Nigeria
In Nigeria, employers must withhold and remit taxes from their employees’ salaries to the relevant tax authorities. They must also obtain a Tax Identification Number (TIN) and register with the relevant tax authority.
These taxes include:
- Pay-As-You-Earn (PAYE) tax: This is a tax on the income of employees and is deducted from their salaries. Employers are responsible for deducting the tax and remitting it to the relevant tax authority on behalf of their employees. The tax rates vary between 5% to 25%, depending on the employee’s income level.
- Value Added Tax (VAT): This is a tax on goods and services and is charged at a rate of 7.5%. Employers are required to register for VAT and remit the tax to the relevant tax authority.
- Pension Fund Contribution: Employers are required to contribute 10% of their employees’ monthly salaries to a pension fund on behalf of their employees.
- National Housing Fund (NHF) Contribution: Employers are required to contribute 2.5% of their employees’ monthly salaries to the NHF on behalf of their employees.